Bacterial Nanocellulose Effect into Wettability and Thermal Stability of Carbon Fiber via Layer-by-Layer for LED Circuit Application

This study aimed to investigate how bacterial nanocellulose (BNC) affects the wettability and thermal stability in carbon-fiber (CF) polymer composites. CF/BNC laminates were fabricated through layer-by-layer hot pressing and evaluated by using contact-angle measurements, thermogravimetric analysis, and low-voltage electrical testing. The CF/BNC interface enhanced nanoscale interlocking, increasing the contact angle from 79.6° to 106.46°. Thermal stability improved, as shown by final degradation temperature and higher residual mass, and electrical tests using a light-emitting diode (LED) confirmed efficient current flow with minimal voltage drop. The results demonstrate a pathway for multifunctional, hydrophobic, and thermally stable composites for low-voltage electronic applications.