Single center clinical analysis of prognostic factors affecting invasive fungal rhinosinusitis

Univariate analysis indicated that acute onset, immunosuppression, elevated D-dimer, lymphocyte, and blood glucose levels, as well as orbital and intracranial fungal invasion, were negative prognostic factors. Immunosuppression-including advanced age, diabetes, and hematological malignancies-was a major underlying cause of IFRS. Intracranial infection had a significant impact on mortality. Positive prognostic factors included timely and standardized systemic antifungal therapy, intrathecal antifungal administration in cases of intracranial involvement, anticoagulant treatment, prompt surgical debridement, and, when necessary, repeated surgical interventions.