Harmfulness of the weed component in the agrocenosis of various types of mint in the conditions of the Chechen Republic

Today, mint is a common medicinal plant in the North Caucasus. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of the density and duration of weed placement per unit area on the growth and development of mint in the forest-steppe and mountain zones of the Chechen Republic. The work uses the Methodological Guidelines for the Study of Economic Thresholds and Critical Periods of Weed Harmfulness in Agricultural Crops. Model field experiments were laid down, where different degrees of weed infestation and duration of crop care techniques were simulated. The study location is the forest-steppe and mountain zones of the Chechen Republic; the period of the study is 2022-2024; the object is the Pamyati Kirichenko and Rozovskaya Aroma mint varieties. With an increase in the number of plants per unit area, there was a decrease in the mass of 1 weed against the background of a general increase in the mass of plants. The increase in the mass of weeds is directly dependent on the increase in their number. With an increase in the number of weeds in the mint agrocenosis, there is a decrease in the pigment content. which is an indirect sign of interspecific competition and a decrease in the intensity of photosynthesis. The main weed in the experiment in the studied zones, on two studied varieties of mint is barnyard grass. With an increase in the number of weeds, a decrease in the chlorophyll content in the weed leaves is noted. According to the results of the model field experiment, a mixed type of weed infestation of the mint agrocenosis was established. With an increase in the number of cenosis components, its yield decreases. Crop losses are more than 55% at maximum weed infestation. When determining the critical period of weed harmfulness in the forest-steppe zone in the sowing of mint variety Pamyati Kirichenko, this period was 20 days from the moment of emergence; Rozovskaya Aroma - 30 days. The critical period of weed harmfulness in the mountain zone in the agrocenosis of mint variety Pamyati Kirichenko is 27 days; Rozovskaya Aroma 36-38 days.