Modern Approaches to the Synthesis of Isoindoles with Various Hydrogenation States (A Review)

This review summarizes data on modern and known approaches to the synthesis of new and previously obtained heterocycles with an isoindole fragment. High yields of isoindole derivatives are achieved when using ortho-substituted homologs of benzoic acid as starting compounds. This review also presents several examples of approaches to the synthesis of isoindole derivatives via multicomponent reactions involving amines, aldehydes, isocyanates, and aryl carboxylic acids lacking substituents at the ortho-carbon atom. Several publications reflect the results of studies on the biological activity of these heterocycles.