Food Safety Modernization Act in the United States and food safety management system in Republic of Korea

Modern food systems are globalized and complicated. In the United States, the focus of food safety has shifted from reacting to food safety problems to preventing them, in accordance with the Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA) enacted in 2011. This law establishes a comprehensive science- and risk-based food safety system. Under FSMA, ‘preventive control’ has emerged as a central concept in preventing food safety problems. Preventive controls include process, food allergen, and sanitation controls. In addition, monitoring, corrective action, and verification are required. All domestic and foreign facilities under FSMA have to implement a hazard analysis and risk-based preventive controls to prevent or minimize the identified hazards (HARPC). Based on FSMA, we need to reanalyze our food system as a more preventive, comprehensive, and flexible system to respond effectively to a modern, globalized, and complicated food system.