Ways to reducing the duration of the critical period of harmfulness of the weed component of corn crops in the conditions of the forest-steppe zone of the Chechen Republic

The aim of the study is to analyze the feasibility of using growth regulators in post-harvest corn crops to increase the competitiveness of the crop in the forest-steppe zone of the Chechen Republic. The studies were conducted in 2023-2024. The early-ripening corn hybrid Krasnodar 294 AMV and the mid-ripening corn hybrid Krasnodar 385 MV were used in the experiment. The studies examined two methods of using a natural growth regulator, a derivative of humic substances, Humate + 7 (0.01%; 0.02%). The method of application is pre-sowing seed treatment and foliar feeding. The study was carried out against the background of a mixed type of weed infestation, when late spring weeds prevailed (45.9%). When using Humate+7 in crops of the early-ripening hybrid Krasnodarskiy 291 AMV at a concentration of 0.01%, the critical period of harmfulness of the weed component was 23 days from the moment of emergence. Against the background of an increase in the concentration of the growth regulator, it was 30 days. When using Humate+7 as foliar feeding, the duration of the critical period increased and remained, respectively, 32 and 37 days. The critical period of harmfulness of weeds of the agrocenosis of the mid-ripening hybrid Krasnodarskiy 385 MV against the background of pre-sowing treatment with Humate+7 0.01% is 20 days, an increase in the concentration made it possible to increase it to 28 days. Against the background of foliar feeding with the growth regulator Humate+7, an increase in the duration of the critical period of harmfulness occurred to 30 and 36 days, respectively. It can be concluded that the duration of the critical period of weed component harmfulness increases against the background of foliar feeding, which is associated with an increase in the competitiveness of all agrocenosis components. When cultivating corn hybrids of different maturity groups in stubble crops, in order to reduce the duration of the critical period of weed component harmfulness and, as a consequence, the total number of harmful objects, pre-sowing seed treatment with a growth regulator - a derivative of humic substances Humate + 7 in a concentration of 0.01% is most appropriate.