Marked by Violence: A Retrospective Study of Documented Police Torture Cases in Faisalabad

Objective: The objective of this study is to analyze the documented medico-legal certificates of police torture cases in Faisalabad, following the enactment of the anti-torture act. Methodology: This retrospective cross-sectional study reviewed 181 medico-legal certificates issued by the District Standing Medical Board in 2024. Data extracted included demographic profiles, types and anatomical distribution of injuries, mechanisms of trauma, and the need for specialist referrals. Descriptive statistics were applied. Results: The majority of victims were male (80%), with two-thirds aged 26–59 years. Laborers represented the most affected occupational group (47%). Injuries were predominantly inflicted to the limbs (58%), with blunt force trauma accounting for 85% of cases. Common lesions included bruises and abrasions. Notably, 72% of referred cases required radiological evaluation, with others requiring neurosurgical or ENT referrals. Conclusions: Our findings reveal systematic and targeted use of non-lethal violence by law enforcement. The disconnect between legal reform and institutional practice underscores the urgent need for Istanbul Protocol-based documentation, improved medico-legal training, oversight of detention facilities, and stronger implementation of anti-torture legislation