Aconite Alkaloids From <i>Gymnaconitum gymnandrum</i>

Two previously uncharacterized C₁₉-diterpenoid alkaloids (1 and 2) and seven known ones (3-9) were isolated from Gymnaconitum gymnandrum. Their structures were elucidated based on spectroscopic data, including one- and two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared, high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. These compounds were tested for their insecticidal activity and anti-chlamydial activity. The results show that compound 1 has the most insecticidal activity, with a median lethal concentration value of 0.73 ± 0.08 mg/mL; compound 3 exhibits an anti-chlamydia effect at a concentration of 100 µM.