When measurement outpaces meaning: Bioimpedance in Organ-on-Chip systems

Organ-on-Chip (OoC) systems have long matured beyond proof-of-concept.They are no longer competing with animal models for acceptance, but on robustness of interpretation and comparability.Currently, optical and biochemical endpoint measurements dominate the analytical toolset.In contrast to these, bioimpedance offers something different: continuous, non-destructive observation, and access to dynamic biological questions.But without robust, repeatable and physically grounded interpretation, impedance is bound to remain a secondary QC signal rather than primary biological evidence.The question for the bioimpedance community is: What has to change for impedance to become more than a secondary signal?Crucially, this is not challenging bioimpedance theory, but is a reflection on its application in regimes where previously implicit assumptions must be made explicit.At its core, it is therefore not a question of measurement capability, but of whether physically qualified interpretation is treated as firstclass research objective rather than downstream convenience.