Efficacy and Safety of Combination of Intravitreal Anti-Vegf Injections with Subcutaneous Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin in Retinal Venous Occlusive Diseases

Abstract Background: Retinal venous occlusion (RVO) is the second most common vascular retinopathy after diabetic retinopathy. Objective: To find out the safety and efficacy of combination of intravitreal anti-VEGF injections with subcutaneous low molecular weight heparin in retinal vascular occlusive disorders. Methods: This study included 100 patients with RVO who were divided into two groups. The study group included 50 subjects who received both Intravitreal Anti-VEGF (Ranibizumab) and Subcutaneous LMWH (Enoxaparin) injections .The control group consisted 50 patients who received only Intravitreal Anti-VEGF. Best‑corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and uncorrected visual acuity was documented before and after treatment. Optical coherence tomography was used to evaluate central macular thickness (CMT) at baseline and after treatment. Results: This study included 100 patients with Retinal Venous Occlusion. At baseline, both groups had comparable mean CMT values. Following treatment, there was a significant reduction in CMT in both the groups, but post-treatment CMT was significantly lower in case group (233.02 µm) compared to the control group (260.48 µm). Post-treatment at 1 month, Best Corrected Visual Acuity improved more significantly in the case group compared to controls. Conclusion: The addition of low molecular weight heparin to intravitreal anti VEGF significantly enhance treatment efficacy, particularly in terms of anatomical and visual outcomes.