The Universality Test: A Formal Criterion for Rule Systems - Applications in Politics, Law, Physics, Medical Law, AI Ethics, Big Data and Software Engineering Preliminary Concept — Non-expert Author Disclaimer

email: [email protected]: The author has no formal academic training and no institutional affiliation.The core idea (a diagnostic question to evaluate rules) emerged from personal observation and private reasoning.The mathematical/formal expression was developed with the assistance of large language models (AI).No expert review or validation has been conducted so far.The concept should therefore be regarded as a preliminary thinking tool, not as an established scientific theory.Expert feedback or assessment is explicitly welcome. This work develops a universal criterion for evaluating rule systems across disciplines. The central question is: "Do the rules apply to everyone, including me, in every position, regardless of outcome?" Through formalization as a binary test - (1) Consensus: Would I agree without knowing my position? (2) Compatible: Does it contradict existing rules? - the criterion provides a systematic tool for identifying arbitrary power, inconsistent policies, and unfair systems. APPLICATIONS DEMONSTRATED:- Politics & Law: Distinguishes rule of law from arbitrary rule- Physics: Differentiates fundamental from effective theories- Medical Law: Evaluates treatment contracts and triage rules- AI Ethics: Operationalizes algorithmic fairness- Big Data: Enables 100,000x faster multi-stakeholder fairness testing- Software Engineering: Formalizes Policy-as-Code practices (RBAC, IAM, OWASP)- Philosophy: Bridges Kant, Rawls, and 18 other thinkers STRUCTURE:25 sections across 6 parts with complete mathematical formalization, symbol table, practical examples, and empirical applications. LANGUAGES:Complete version available in English and German. FILES:1. Universality_Test_COMPLETE_English.pdf (44 KB, ~20 pages)2. Universalitaetstest_FINAL_MitSoftware.pdf (44 KB, ~20 Seiten) Both files contain identical content in their respective languages. VERSION:2.0 (January 2025) - Includes new sections on Big Data Scalability and Software Engineering AUTHOR:Ali Haydar Sever Independent Researcher --- Diese Arbeit entwickelt ein universelles Kriterium zur Beurteilung von Regel-Systemen über Disziplinen hinweg. Die zentrale Frage lautet: "Gelten die Regeln für alle, mich eingeschlossen, in jeder Position, unabhängig vom Ergebnis?" Durch Formalisierung als binärer Test - (1) Consensus: Würde ich zustimmen ohne Position zu kennen? (2) Compatible: Widerspricht es bestehenden Regeln? - bietet das Kriterium ein systematisches Werkzeug zur Identifizierung von Willkürherrschaft, inkonsistenten Politiken und unfairen Systemen. DEMONSTRIERTE ANWENDUNGEN:- Politik & Recht: Unterscheidet Rechtsstaat von Willkürherrschaft- Physik: Differenziert fundamentale von effektiven Theorien- Medizinrecht: Bewertet Behandlungsverträge und Triage-Regeln- KI-Ethik: Operationalisiert algorithmische Fairness- Big Data: Ermöglicht 100.000x schnellere Multi-Stakeholder Fairness-Tests- Software Engineering: Formalisiert Policy-as-Code Praktiken (RBAC, IAM, OWASP)- Philosophie: Verbindet Kant, Rawls und 18 weitere Denker STRUKTUR:25 Abschnitte über 6 Teile mit vollständiger mathematischer Formalisierung, Symboltabelle, praktischen Beispielen und empirischen Anwendungen. SPRACHEN:Vollständige Version verfügbar auf Englisch und Deutsch. DATEIEN:1. Universality_Test_COMPLETE_English.pdf (44 KB, ~20 pages)2. Universalitaetstest_FINAL_MitSoftware.pdf (44 KB, ~20 Seiten) Beide Dateien enthalten identischen Inhalt in der jeweiligen Sprache. VERSION:2.0 (Januar 2025) - Enthält neue Abschnitte zu Big Data Skalierbarkeit und Software Engineering AUTOR:Ali Haydar SeverUnabhängiger Forscher

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Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Published
2026-01-08
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.18198294
Primary Topic
Ethics and Social Impacts of AI
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article
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The Universality Test: A Formal Criterion for Rule Systems - Applications in Politics, Law, Physics, Medical Law, AI Ethics, Big Data and Software Engineering Preliminary Concept — Non-expert Author Disclaimer

Ali Sever
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Ethics and Social Impacts of AI
article

The Universality Test: A Formal Criterion for Rule Systems - Applications in Politics, Law, Physics, Medical Law, AI Ethics, Big Data and Software Engineering Preliminary Concept — Non-expert Author Disclaimer

Ali Sever
article en

Abstract

email: [email protected]: The author has no formal academic training and no institutional affiliation.The core idea (a diagnostic question to evaluate rules) emerged from personal observation and private reasoning.The mathematical/formal expression was developed with the assistance of large language models (AI).No expert review or validation has been conducted so far.The concept should therefore be regarded as a preliminary thinking tool, not as an established scientific theory.Expert feedback or assessment is explicitly welcome. This work develops a universal criterion for evaluating rule systems across disciplines. The central question is: "Do the rules apply to everyone, including me, in every position, regardless of outcome?" Through formalization as a binary test - (1) Consensus: Would I agree without knowing my position? (2) Compatible: Does it contradict existing rules? - the criterion provides a systematic tool for identifying arbitrary power, inconsistent policies, and unfair systems. APPLICATIONS DEMONSTRATED:- Politics & Law: Distinguishes rule of law from arbitrary rule- Physics: Differentiates fundamental from effective theories- Medical Law: Evaluates treatment contracts and triage rules- AI Ethics: Operationalizes algorithmic fairness- Big Data: Enables 100,000x faster multi-stakeholder fairness testing- Software Engineering: Formalizes Policy-as-Code practices (RBAC, IAM, OWASP)- Philosophy: Bridges Kant, Rawls, and 18 other thinkers STRUCTURE:25 sections across 6 parts with complete mathematical formalization, symbol table, practical examples, and empirical applications. LANGUAGES:Complete version available in English and German. FILES:1. Universality_Test_COMPLETE_English.pdf (44 KB, ~20 pages)2. Universalitaetstest_FINAL_MitSoftware.pdf (44 KB, ~20 Seiten) Both files contain identical content in their respective languages. VERSION:2.0 (January 2025) - Includes new sections on Big Data Scalability and Software Engineering AUTHOR:Ali Haydar Sever Independent Researcher --- Diese Arbeit entwickelt ein universelles Kriterium zur Beurteilung von Regel-Systemen über Disziplinen hinweg. Die zentrale Frage lautet: "Gelten die Regeln für alle, mich eingeschlossen, in jeder Position, unabhängig vom Ergebnis?" Durch Formalisierung als binärer Test - (1) Consensus: Würde ich zustimmen ohne Position zu kennen? (2) Compatible: Widerspricht es bestehenden Regeln? - bietet das Kriterium ein systematisches Werkzeug zur Identifizierung von Willkürherrschaft, inkonsistenten Politiken und unfairen Systemen. DEMONSTRIERTE ANWENDUNGEN:- Politik & Recht: Unterscheidet Rechtsstaat von Willkürherrschaft- Physik: Differenziert fundamentale von effektiven Theorien- Medizinrecht: Bewertet Behandlungsverträge und Triage-Regeln- KI-Ethik: Operationalisiert algorithmische Fairness- Big Data: Ermöglicht 100.000x schnellere Multi-Stakeholder Fairness-Tests- Software Engineering: Formalisiert Policy-as-Code Praktiken (RBAC, IAM, OWASP)- Philosophie: Verbindet Kant, Rawls und 18 weitere Denker STRUKTUR:25 Abschnitte über 6 Teile mit vollständiger mathematischer Formalisierung, Symboltabelle, praktischen Beispielen und empirischen Anwendungen. SPRACHEN:Vollständige Version verfügbar auf Englisch und Deutsch. DATEIEN:1. Universality_Test_COMPLETE_English.pdf (44 KB, ~20 pages)2. Universalitaetstest_FINAL_MitSoftware.pdf (44 KB, ~20 Seiten) Beide Dateien enthalten identischen Inhalt in der jeweiligen Sprache. VERSION:2.0 (Januar 2025) - Enthält neue Abschnitte zu Big Data Skalierbarkeit und Software Engineering AUTOR:Ali Haydar SeverUnabhängiger Forscher

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)
Peace, Justice and strong institutions
Openalex Percentile: Top 93%
Ethics and Social Impacts of AI
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The Universality Test: A Formal Criterion for Rule Systems - Applications in Politics, Law, Physics, Medical Law, AI Ethics, Big Data and Software Engineering Preliminary Concept — Non-expert Author Disclaimer — Ali Sever · Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) (2026) | TGRS Research Map | TGRS