Analyzing the Effectiveness of Financial Consumer Protection Acts: A Comparison of Korea, the United Kingdom, and Japan

Abstract Financial Consumer Protection Acts represent a crucial legal framework aimed at addressing the increasing complexity of financial markets and the growing number of damages incurred by financial consumers. Following the United Kingdom’s initial enactment of such legislation, similar frameworks were adopted in East Asian economies, including Japan and South Korea, contributing to the development of their consumer financial protections. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of these laws remains a subject of debate. This study employs gap analysis and big data analysis to compare the effectiveness of the Financial Consumer Protection Act in Korea, Japan, and the United Kingdom. The findings reveal variations in effectiveness across countries and suggest several policy implications.