The Role of 68Ga-Pentixafor and 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) PET/CT in a Case of Multiple Myeloma

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a type of blood cancer affecting plasma cells in the bone marrow. The diagnosis of MM involves blood and urine tests to demonstrate monoclonal proteins. Imaging modalities such as MRI combined with positron emission tomography (PET) are used for the detection and staging of MM. 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) has been used extensively for the staging of multiple myeloma. Another PET imaging modality targeting C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) has been recently evaluated for the staging of MM. CXCR4 is a protein receptor expressed on plasma cells, and the radiolabelled Pentixafor radiotracer targets these receptors and is therefore used in PET imaging. In this case report, we compare FDG and CXCR4 PET radiotracers for staging MM.