A Case Report of Atypical Oral Angiolymphoid Hyperplasia With Eosinophilia (ALHE) Presenting as an Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome in a Patient With HIV

A 35-year-old man with uncontrolled human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection presented with a pharyngeal plaque-like lesion after recommencing antiretroviral treatment (ART). Rapid localized growth of the lesion paralleled his rising CD4+ T-cell count, suggesting immune reconstitution-mediated deterioration. The diagnosis of the lesion as angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia was made more challenging by the atypical immune response that accompanies the HIV-associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome.