Traditional Chinese Medicine for Allergic Rhinitis: Mechanisms, Evidence, and Gut-Immune Axis Targets

TCM ameliorates AR by integrating gut microbiota modulation, intestinal barrier repair, and immune regulation-highlighting its multi-pathway, multi-target advantages. Current limitations include insufficient large-scale randomized controlled trials and unclear TCM-microbiota crosstalk at the molecular level. Future research should leverage multi-omics technologies to decipher precise mechanisms and explore TCM-Western medicine combinations for optimized AR management.