Autism and Homelessness: An Intersectional Case Study in Kitchener-Waterloo, Ontario

Homelessness is a growing crisis in Canada, with literature suggesting autistic traits as over-represented within this population. Literature addressing intersectional experiences of autism is emerging, however there are gaps in the research surrounding intersectional experiences of autism and homelessness. Research suggests that autistic individuals may be more vulnerable to experiencing homelessness and face difficulties in exiting homelessness. This qualitative case study utilizes a Disability Justice framework to explore intersectional autistic experiences of homelessness, social service usage, and suggests recommendations on improving support for autistic individuals at risk of and experiencing homelessness. Four autistic participants with experience of homelessness and accessing homelessness services within the Waterloo region are interviewed using a trauma-informed lens. Their narratives are analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis, informed by social constructivism. Three themes are generated with a total of five subthemes. These themes address the role of relationships, the role of autistic camouflaging, and the role of social services in autistic experiences of homelessness. Using a combination of the findings from this study and existing literature, I created micro, mezzo, and macro recommendations to improve conditions for autistic individuals at risk of and experiencing homelessness. While this research study is complete, the ongoing advocacy and research efforts for systemic and interpersonal change must continue to decrease ableism for autistic individuals.