Community SoP and DPSIR‐Based Assessment: Implications for Mangrove Ecosystem Conservation and Coastal Management in Metinaro, Timor‐Leste

ABSTRACT Mangrove ecosystems face increasing anthropogenic pressures, yet socio‐ecological perspectives remain underrepresented in coastal research. While mangroves provide critical ecological services and support human livelihoods, studies have largely emphasised biophysical assessments, leaving governance and community dimensions insufficiently integrated. This study integrates the SoP framework with the DPSIR model to examine mangrove dynamics in Metinaro, Timor‐Leste. Employing a mixed‐methods design, it combined household surveys ( n = 60) with participatory DPSIR mapping, enabling triangulation of quantitative indicators of place identity, dependence, attachment, policy support and participation with qualitative insights into ecological processes and governance responses. Findings revealed that place identity (mean = 4.10) and dependence (3.92) were the strongest SoP dimensions, while policy support (3.20) and participation (3.08) were weakest. Within DPSIR, pressures registered the highest mean (3.1), whereas other components clustered around 2.9. Correlation analyses showed strong interrelations among identity, dependence and attachment ( r > 0.95), moderate positive links with drivers and state ( r = 0.58–0.67), and negative associations with pressures ( r = −0.32 to –0.37). Regression indicated that SoP significantly predicted drivers (Adj. R 2 = 0.478) and state (0.368), while ANOVA confirmed a gender effect (F = 5.34; p = 0.0244). The novelty of this study lies in the empirical integration of SoP with DPSIR, producing the first socio‐ecological baseline for mangroves in Timor‐Leste and advancing a transferable framework for small‐island contexts. The study concludes that embedding cultural values and demographic factors into governance frameworks is essential for strengthening participatory management and ensuring the long‐term sustainability of mangrove ecosystems.