High-efficiency perovskite solar cells: dual-absorber design featuring embedded core–shell plasmonic nanoparticles

This work demonstrates a high-efficiency perovskite solar cell (PSC) architecture achieving a 29.2% power conversion efficiency (PCE) through a novel, to our knowledge, dual-enhancement strategy. We combined a stacked dual-absorber design, <i>C</i><i>s</i>_0.2<i>F</i><i>A</i>_0.8<i>P</i><i>b</i>(<i>I</i>_0.7<i>B</i><i>r</i>_0.3)₃/<i>M</i><i>A</i><i>S</i><i>n</i><i>I</i>₃, with dual-layer plasmonic integration of spherical core-shell Ag nanoparticles (NPs). The resulting 29.2% PCE (<i>J</i>_{<i>s</i><i>c</i>}=36.3<i>m</i><i>A</i><i>c</i><i>m</i>^-2) represents a significant improvement over the 25.9% PCE of the dual-absorber stack alone and the 22.0% PCE of a conventional single-junction baseline. This approach, which extends beyond conventional single-junction plasmonics, is supported by accurate three-dimensional finite-element (3D-FEM) optical-electrical modeling. The results indicate a practical and scalable pathway for thin-film PSCs to outperform conventional single-absorber designs while reducing material consumption.