Voices from the field: a survey-based perspective on organic transition among farmers in Uttarakhand, India

Purpose This study investigates the key challenges faced by smallholder producers in adopting organic farming practices in India. It further explores their motivations, price premium expectations, and the factors influencing their continued engagement with organic agriculture. Design/methodology/approach The study draws on data collected from organic farmers in Uttarakhand, India. Information was obtained through a structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and logistic regression. Findings While 54% of the farmers have fully transitioned to organic farming, 46% continue conventional practices on other landholdings. Major barriers include lower yields, limited government support, and marketing difficulties. Key motivations include health benefits, environmental concerns, and potential income gains. Farmers practicing only organic farming and those motivated by external agents were significantly more likely to expect higher price premiums than those engaged in mixed farming or driven by self-motivation. Research limitations/implications The study is limited to a specific region (Uttarakhand), which may affect the generalizability of its findings. Originality/value This study offers original insights into sustainable farming adoption in developing countries, focusing on the often-overlooked yet predominant stakeholder group, i.e. smallholder farmers. It highlights their challenges and expectations, offering practical implications for advancing sustainable agriculture in developing economies like India.