B-cell–driven relapse and anti-CD20 rescue therapy after Alemtuzumab in RRMS: case report and literature review
This case contributes to the growing evidence that a subset of patients may experience B-cell-driven inflammatory reactivation after alemtuzumab treatment. Lymphocyte subtyping should be performed, and a predominance of CD19<sup>+</sup> B cells can guide a timely therapeutic switch to anti-CD20 therapy. Further studies are needed to define whether this represents a distinct post-IRT immunopathological entity.
Authors
- Angelo Pascarella (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0085-9494)
- Emanuele Tinelli (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3007-4022)
- Pietro Antonio Bruno (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2717-2385)
- Stefania Barone (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0239-8214)
- Paola Valentino
- P. Lanza (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9811-4724)
- Antonio Gambardella
Institutions
- Biocon (Switzerland) (CH)
- Magna Graecia University (IT)
- Metropolitan Hospital (GR)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Frontiers in Immunology
- Published
- 2026-01-08
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2025.1710669
- Primary Topic
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 0.00