Understanding the Psychological and Sociological Effects of Molar Incisor Hypomineralization: A Scoping Review of Current Evidence

Molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) is a dental condition characterized by enamel opacities, discoloration, and structural fragility, which can significantly affect individuals’ psychological and sociological well-being. In affected teeth, post-eruptive enamel breakdown often occurs, resulting in structural deficiencies that increase dentin hypersensitivity and hinder effective oral hygiene maintenance. This compromised hygiene can, in turn, elevate the risk of dental caries and periodontal disease, necessitating more frequent dental interventions. Over time, these challenges may contribute to the development of dental anxiety and behavioral management difficulties. Moreover, MIH can lead to functional limitations, such as masticatory difficulties and speech impairments. The impact of MIH extends beyond its physical symptoms, especially during childhood and adolescence, potentially resulting in significant psychosocial consequences. Enamel discoloration and loss of structure may cause aesthetic concerns, reduced self-esteem, and social withdrawal. Given the multifaceted effects of MIH, early diagnosis and individualized treatment strategies are essential for mitigating both its physical and psychosocial burdens, ultimately improving the overall quality of life of affected individuals. This scoping review aims to comprehensively evaluate, based on current scientific evidence, the functional and specific psychosocial impacts of MIH. Cite this article as: Aydoğdu T, Sezer B. Understanding the psychological and sociological effects of molar incisor hypomineralization: A scoping review of current evidence. Essent Dent. 2026, 4, 0050, doi:10.5152/EssentDent.2025.25050.