Research on the synergistic variation law of wheat and soil quality under gradient high-temperature treatment

This study aims to explore the impact of exogenous high-temperature interventions on agricultural ecosystems through a systematic investigation of wheat growth indicators, soil physicochemical properties, and comprehensive quality evaluation under different temperature treatments. The experiment consisted of 10 temperature gradients: CK (Natural weather temperature), T1 (80 °C), T2 (100 °C), T3 (120 °C), T4 (150 °C), T5 (180 °C), T6 (210 °C), T7 (240 °C), T8 (270 °C), and T9 (300 °C). The results of the study indicated that the dry root weight and wet root weight experienced a significant increase ranging from 25 to 64.29% compared to CK. The T8 and T9 treatments led to a significant reduction in the levels of soil readily oxidizable carbon, with decreases ranging from 21.14 to 26.29%. Additionally, soil treated with T8, T3, and T7 exhibited higher levels of total nitrogen (0.89 g kg^-1), available phosphorus (32.42 mg kg^-1), and available potassium (358.09 mg kg^-1). The leaf length was the highest affiliation degree of plant index, and available potassium was the highest affiliation degree of soil index. The following parameters were included in the minimum data set: leaf length, mean root diameter, total root surface, root dry weight, chlorophyll content, organic carbon, readily oxidizable carbon, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, catalase activity, and clay particle content. The comprehensive evaluation index of T6 treatments exhibited a significant increase ranging from 20.00 to 33.33% compared to CK and T5. Bacterial diversity notably rose under T6 treatments, with Proteobacteria, Acidobacteriota, and Ascomycota showing relatively dominant relative abundance. In summary, the comprehensive effects of the 210 °C heating treatment were the most favorable, providing valuable insights for the ecological management of arable land.