Multivalent ligands regulate dimensional engineering for inverted perovskite solar modules
Multivalent, resonance-stabilized amidinium ligands enable stronger chemical coordination and reduced deprotonation compared with conventional monovalent ammonium ligands in low-dimensional perovskites. Here, we introduce a controllable one- to two-dimensional (1D-to-2D) structural transition strategy by systematically tuning ligand conformation, thereby modulating hydrogen bonding, π-π stacking, and basicity to elucidate the relationship between molecular structure, interfacial interactions, and resulting dimensionality. The 1D-amidinium perovskite structure, with its pronounced geometric anisotropy, impedes uniform surface coverage and defect passivation. In contrast, the 2D-amidinium perovskite forms a continuous, homogeneous interfacial layer, enabling more effective defect passivation and favorable energy-level alignment. With dimensionality control, inverted 3D/2D-amidinium perovskite solar cells deliver 25.4% power conversion efficiency (1.1 square centimeters, steady-state certified) and maintain >95% of their initial efficiency after 1100 hours of continuous 1-sun operation at 85°C.
Authors
- Furkan H. Isikgor (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0787-7991)
- Drajad Satrio Utomo
- Mario Lanza (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4756-8632)
- Xiaoming Chang
- Zhaoheng Ling (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1076-0077)
- Anil Reddy Pininti (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3282-4947)
- Tinghuan Yang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0006-9922-0207)
- Nan Wu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4580-6019)
- C. Tian (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8972-3907)
- Leonidas Tsetseris (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0330-0813)
- Randi Azmi (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8518-9388)
- Yue Ping
- Mingjie He (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2234-1687)
- Yuying Yang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6111-4007)
- Yen‐Hung Lin (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6819-1235)
- Kui Zhao
- Jong Bin Park
- Stefaan De Wolf
- Martin Heeney
- Yanping Liu
- Yan Qin
- Wing Tung Hui
- Thomas D. Anthopoulos
- Badri Vishal
- Fion Sze Yan Yeung
- Hailiang Liao
- Han Young Woo
- Adi Prasetio
- Sang Young Jeong
- Rongbo Wang
Institutions
- National University of Singapore (SG)
- National Technical University of Athens (GR)
- Korea University (KR)
- Hong Kong University of Science and Technology (HK)
- University of Manchester (GB)
- Henry Royce Institute (GB)
- Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen (CN)
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (SA)
- Shaanxi Normal University (CN)
- University of Hong Kong (HK)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Science
- Published
- 2026-01-08
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aea0656
- Citations
- 1
- Primary Topic
- Perovskite Materials and Applications
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 21.93
Funders
- National Research Foundation
- National Natural Science Foundation of China
- National Research Foundation of Korea
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology