Analyzing the influence of environment, demographic and socio-economic factors on Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) mosquito density at the micro-level using XGBoost and SHAP

The framework identified key environmental and socioeconomic drivers of Aedes albopictus density in Shanghai. Despite moderate temporal generalization, it provides interpretable, fine-scale insights to guide targeted vector control and inform urban mosquito management in dense metropolitan settings. Future research should validate the framework across additional seasons and diverse urban contexts, incorporate finer environmental and infrastructural data and enhance uncertainty quantification for improved interpretive robustness.