Anticipating additional exoplanets in multi-planetary systems

Abstract We present a search for the presence of additional exoplanets in previously identified multi-planetary systems, using the Titius-Bode (TB) relation, a logarithmic distance between planets in our solar system. We analyze 229 multi-planetary systems, each containing a minimum of three confirmed planets, by modeling the TB relation employing the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) technique. Our findings indicate that ∼53% of these systems exhibit a logarithmic spacing relation more pronounced than that observed in the solar system. We predict the existence of 426 supplementary exoplanets within these 229 systems, identifying 197 candidates through interpolation and 229 through extrapolation. Among the predicted planets, 47 are located in the habitable zone of their respective host stars. Within this subset, five planets have a maximum radius below 1.25 R ⊕ and an estimated mass between 0.1 and 2 M ⊕ . We minimize inaccuracies in the orbital period estimation for the anticipated planets compared to the earlier studies.