Performance of Quadrilateral Quantum Dots in the Intrinsic Region of Solar Cells

Recently, new solar cells made from innovative materials have attracted significant interest. Nanostructures, including quantum dots, are a category of novel materials with diverse applications due to their controllable properties. In this study, quantum dot‐based solar cells are being investigated, with the model considered for the strained quantum dots being a quadrilateral shape. First, the absorption spectrum formula of quantum dots in the wavelength range of the solar spectrum is obtained by solving the Schrödinger equation for electrons and holes. Using these relationships, the photocurrent and internal quantum efficiency of the intrinsic region of the solar cell are calculated, and the effective key parameters of these quantities are investigated. The results show that quantum dots exhibit a significant nonlinear absorption coefficient, making them uniquely suitable for solar cell applications. Square‐shaped quantum dots enhance the internal quantum efficiency in solar cells. Furthermore, higher internal quantum efficiency can be achieved by reducing the size of quantum dots.