Chinese Immune Multi-Omics Atlas
Human peripheral blood exhibits molecular and cellular heterogeneity across populations, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We present the Chinese Immune Multi-Omics Atlas (CIMA), characterizing molecular variations linked to sex, age, and genetic variants through multi-omics analysis of more than 10 million circulating immune cells from 428 Chinese adults. CIMA established an enhancer-driven gene regulatory network comprising 237 robust regulons; identified 9600 eGenes and 52,361 caPeaks at cell type resolution; and revealed pleiotropic associations among immune-related disease risk loci, cis-expression quantitative trait loci (QTLs), and chromatin accessibility QTLs. Furthermore, the cell language model CIMA-CLM predicted chromatin accessibility and evaluated the effects of noncoding variants from chromatin sequences and gene expression. CIMA provides a comprehensive reference for immune-related disease research.
Authors
- Xiaoya Chen (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5837-2964)
- W H Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6987-5022)
- Y. B. Zhao
- J Wang
- Yilin Wei (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4753-2685)
- Panhong Liu
- X. F. Wang
- Jin Xh
- Guodan Zeng (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9985-8730)
- Peng Gao (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6586-4307)
- Xiaoping Xu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8934-1287)
- H.W. Wang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9965-2841)
- Zhewei Xu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4718-6175)
- Yang Liu (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8928-8674)
- Jianhua Yin
- Zhongjin Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6666-3224)
- Yong Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2179-3698)
- Zhiyong Huang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5374-3973)
- Jingzhi Lv
- Shanshan Duan
- Yiwei Lai
- Guixue Hou
- Runsheng Chen
- Yanan Cao
- Miguel A. Esteban
- Shijie Hao
- Ying Gu
- Xinyu Zhang
- Yue Gao
- Wen Ma
- Yong Bai
- Weikai Wang
- Yue Yuan
- Shichen Yang
- Xin Liu
- Jian Yang
- Pengfei Cai
- Hua Wang
- Tao Yang
- Ye Yin
- Yang Wang
- Chang Liu
- Ting Qi
- Jun Xie
- Xiru Zhang
- Xiao Yang
- Yaling Huang
- Wenwei Zhang
- Wenwen Zhou
- Chuanyu Liu
- Yuxiang Li
- Yuhui Zheng
- Fupeng Li
Institutions
- BGI Group (China) (CN)
- Agency for Science, Technology and Research (SG)
- Fujian Medical University (CN)
- Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China (CN)
- National University of Singapore (SG)
- Shanxi Medical University (CN)
- Chinese University of Hong Kong (HK)
- Anhui Medical University (CN)
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (CN)
- Fudan University (CN)
- Peking Union Medical College Hospital (CN)
- Ruijin Hospital (CN)
- Westlake University (CN)
- Northwest University (CN)
- Institute of Computing Technology (CN)
- Beijing Academy of Artificial Intelligence (CN)
- Zhangzhou Municipal Hospital of Fujian Province (CN)
- Institute of Biophysics (CN)
- Lishui Central Hospital (CN)
- Zhongshan Hospital (CN)
- First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University (CN)
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering (CN)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
- BGI Research (CN)
- Genome Institute of Singapore (SG)
- South China University of Technology (CN)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Science
- Published
- 2026-01-08
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adt3130
- Citations
- 5
- Primary Topic
- Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 123.71