Who, What, Where, When, Why, and How (5W1H)-Based Education of Informed Consent for Intravenous Thrombolysis in Acute Ischemic Stroke

Intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) is an effective approach for restoring cerebral blood flow in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Its benefit is highly time-dependent, and its safety considerations must not be overlooked. Rapid and efficient acquisition of informed consent is critical. Therefore, targeted training in informed consent competencies for healthcare personnel working in the stroke green channel is warranted. We introduced the 5W1H model into informed consent education for IVT in AIS, focusing on the Why (rationale), Who (actors and recipients), What (content), When (timing), Where (location), and How (methods). We employed a teaching approach that combined theoretical lectures, cohort-based learning, and scenario simulations. We aimed to improve communication skills among stroke green channel staff, increase the efficiency of obtaining informed consent for IVT, and achieve more comprehensive and effective clinician-patient communication.