Three-dimensional analysis of vocal fold nodules in operatic soprano singers undergoing microlaryngeal surgery: Differences according to voice type subcategories (Lyric vs. Dramatic)

Voice-type subcategories may influence the morphological characteristics of vocal fold nodules in professional soprano singers. Lyric sopranos tend to develop larger, edematous nodules, likely due to repetitive high-frequency phonation, while dramatic sopranos are more prone to smaller, fibrotic nodules, potentially resulting from greater horizontal mechanical stress.