Skin findings in lymphedema patients in a tertiary center: an observational cross–sectional study

Background Lymphedema is a chronic condition caused by lymphatic obstruction or hypoplasia, leading to interstitial fluid accumulation and skin changes. While primary lymphedema is rare, secondary lymphedema is more prevalent, and often associated with malignancy or trauma. Dermatological manifestations in lymphedema are frequently underreported. Objectives To assess the prevalence of dermatological findings in lymphedema patients and examine correlations with patient demographics and clinical parameters. Patients and methods This cross–sectional study included 63 lymphedema patients evaluated at a tertiary care center. Dermatological assessments were performed by a dermatologist, and lymphedema staging was conducted by a physical therapy specialist. Patient demographics, clinical parameters, and skin findings were analyzed for prevalence and correlations. Results A total of 63 patients were included, of whom 93.7% were female, with a mean age of 54.6 years. Secondary lymphedema was observed in 81% of the participants. Dermatological findings were prevalent, with xerosis reported in 88.9% of patients, followed by pruritus in 47.6% and papillomatosis in 33.3%. Normal skin findings were noted in 11.1% of cases. Significant correlations were observed between patient age and lymphedema stage ( r =0.274, P =0.030). Age was inversely correlated with moisturizer use ( r =−0.323, P =0.010) and venous eczema ( r =−0.265, P =0.036). Conclusion Xerosis is the most common dermatological finding in lymphedema patients. Effective skin care, particularly moisturizing, is crucial for managing skin conditions, especially in older patients.