Effects of Anterior Scalene Muscle Stretching on Craniovertebral Angle and Diaphragmatic Mobility

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effects of a four-week anterior scalene muscle stretching exercise on the craniovertebral angle (CVA) and diaphragmatic mobility in healthy adults.Methods: Thirty-eight healthy adults (33 males and 5 females) participated in the study and were randomly assigned to either the stretching group or the control group.The stretching group performed anterior scalene stretching exercises three times per week for 4 weeks, completing 3 sets of 10 repetitions per side per session.The CVA was measured before and after the intervention using a smartphone application, and diaphragmatic mobility was assessed with an ultrasound device during both quiet and deep breathing. Results:The stretching group showed statistically significant improvements in CVA and diaphragmatic mobility during both quiet and deep breathing (p < 0.05).In contrast, the control group exhibited no significant changes in any of the variables (p > 0.05).Between-group comparisons revealed significant differences in CVA and diaphragmatic mobility under both breathing conditions (p < 0.05). Conclusion:Stretching the anterior scalene muscle positively affected both the craniovertebral angle and diaphragmatic mobility.These findings suggest that incorporating anterior scalene stretching into exercise programs may be beneficial for individuals with postural misalignment or reduced respiratory function.