Long-term impact of a left upper limb arteriovenous fistula on coronary artery bypass surgery with left internal thoracic artery to left anterior descending artery anastomosis

In hemodialysis patients undergoing CABG with in-situ LITA-LAD, an ipsilateral AVF was not associated with worse survival or cardiovascular outcomes, supporting the safety of in-situ LITA grafting even when ipsilateral to an AVF. Future studies should identify CSS high-risk subgroups (e.g. subclavian artery stenosis, forearm vs. upper-arm AVF).