Nourished to Thrive: How Nutrition and Functional Status Shape Quality of Life in Elderly With Diabetes

Objectives India’s ageing population is rapidly increasing, posing significant challenges to the healthcare system. One critical issue is the rising prevalence of malnutrition among older adults. Malnutrition alters body composition and impairs function, negatively impacting quality of life. Therefore, early identification, prevention, and treatment of malnutrition are essential to improving health outcomes among older adults. The study aims to assess the nutritional status, functional status, and quality of life among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus attending the geriatric clinic. Material and Methods A descriptive correlational study was conducted among 150 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus attending a geriatric clinic at a tertiary care hospital in Mangaluru. Participants were selected using non-probability purposive sampling. Data collection was performed through a one-time assessment using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA) scale, Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living (ADL), and the 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36). Results The MNA revealed that 48.7% of the elderly participants were at risk of malnutrition, while 65.3% were fully independent in functional status. Among the quality of life domains, the social functioning scale had the highest mean score (55.58 ± 10.72). A significant positive correlation was found between nutritional status, functional status, and quality of life. Conclusion To mitigate the adverse effects of malnutrition on functional status and quality of life, routine nutritional assessments should be integrated into outpatient care for all elderly individuals. Healthcare professionals need to recognize the scope of this issue. The findings underscore the importance of regular screening, monitoring, and targeted support to promote healthy aging and improve outcomes for older adults.