Thought Suppression and Distraction: Same or Different Concepts?

Abstract Thought suppression and distraction are related concepts with intentional changes in the content of consciousness at their core. However research on these strategies has not been sufficiently integrated. The separation of research contexts and the neglect of clear definitions have led to divergent evaluations and biased measurement of the effectiveness and adaptiveness of these similar constructs. In this paper thought suppression and distraction are characterized and defined. Although the two concepts can be differentiated they overlap substantially. The differences between distraction and thought suppression are subtle and do not account for the contrasting evaluations of their effects. To reduce bias and facilitate clearer communication and better integration of findings it is recommended that studies provide working definitions of suppression and distraction accompanied by descriptions of their specific mechanisms.