Surface Electromyography as a Method for Characterizing Mammogram Discomfort: Cross-Sectional Questionnaire Study of Procedural Stress

The juxtaposition of muscle-specific activity against inactive muscles, along with reported discomfort values, demonstrates that the sEMG methodology accurately captures the patient-machine interaction dynamics with objective, quantifiable precision that complements subjective feedback. By providing real-time physiological data on muscular patterns and biomechanical responses throughout the procedure, this sEMG-based approach offers measurable metrics for evaluating proposed improvements to mammogram equipment design and protocols.