High-performance insulation retrofits for improved energy and thermal comfort in hot, humid climates

Purpose Improving thermal performance in residential buildings in hot, humid climates is crucial for reducing energy consumption and enhancing occupant comfort. This study aims to examine high-performance insulation materials (HPIMs), particularly aerogel and vacuum insulation panels, as retrofit solutions for residential buildings in Saudi Arabia. Design/methodology/approach Using the dynamic energy modeling program DesignBuilder, the research incorporates local climate data and zone-specific comfort analysis to investigate building insulation performance metrics, including air temperature, mean radiant temperature and predicted percentage of dissatisfied (PPD). Findings The results indicate that HPIMs can reduce annual cooling energy consumption by up to 19.9%, decrease mean radiant temperature by 3.52 °C and maintain the PPD below 10% in critical zones. A validation study, which compared actual energy bills with simulation results, corroborates the model's accuracy. Originality/value The findings highlight the potential of HPIMs to mitigate environmental impact and enable thermally resilient, occupant-centered building strategies. This study provides a framework for integrating HPIMs into retrofitting projects in hot climates, aligning with Sustainable Development Goal 11 to make cities inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable while promoting thermally resilient building strategies.