Enhanced Spatial Visualization of Internal Features through a Sectioned, 3D-Printed Instructional Model

Abstract Orthographic projection remains a foundational, yet challenging, concept for students in technical drawing and engineering graphics, often hindered by the difficulty of translating a 3D object’s internal features into distinct 2D views. This paper presents the design, fabrication, and pedagogical application of a novel, sectioned, 3D-printed instructional model created to bridge this spatial visualization gap, with a specific focus on clarifying sectional views. The model is a complex geometric part that is physically sliced along a predetermined cutting plane. A key innovative feature is the highlighting of the resulting cut surface, providing a simultaneous, tangible, and unambiguous link between the abstract cutting plane and the exposed material. Using additive manufacturing (3D printing) allowed for rapid iteration and clear visual distinction between components. Initial observations suggest this hands-on tool significantly improves students’ comprehension of sectioned views, the concept of the cutting plane, and the representation of hidden lines. The model serves as an effective pedagogical aid, offering a superior alternative to purely virtual or static drawing-based instruction, and is a valuable contribution to engineering graphics education methodology.