Automated Floor Plan Design Algorithm for Public Buildings Using Generative Design : Focused on the Design Competitions of Administrative Welfare Centers from 2020 to 2023

Purpose: This study aims to develop an automated floor plan design algorithm for administrative welfare centers (AWCs) using Generative Design (GD) to improve efficiency and rationality in public architecture. AWCs are multi-functional facilities combining administrative and community services, requiring complex spatial configurations within limited competition timelines. Method: Design guidelines from 35 AWC competitions (2020– 2023) were analyzed to extract common requirements and constraints, which were converted into algorithmic parameters. A 1,900m2 ± 5%, four-story prototype was modeled in Revit 2025 with Dynamo 3.0.3, reflecting adjacency, area, height, and minimum width conditions. The GD algorithm generated 40 design alternatives, which were evaluated using a spatial syntax-based scoring system to assess spatial control and zoning efficiency. Result: The generated designs were categorized into three types (CS.1–CS.3) based on control and zoning characteristics. Most high-scoring alternatives (CS.1) corresponded closely with real competition-winning plans, verifying the GD algorithm’s applicability for automated floor plan generation in early design stages of AWCs.