Scrophularia striata Boiss. Facilitated the Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and their Biomedical Applications, a Panoramic View

The main objective of this review is to evaluate the biomedical potential of silver nano-particles (NPs) synthesized using the medicinal plant Scrophularia striata Boiss. (S. striata), known for its traditional use in Asian folk medicine and for its promising pharmaceutical potential, achieved through an eco-friendly, sustainable green synthesis approach. S. striata serves as a potent natural reducing and stabilizing agent for silver NP formation under controlled conditions. The resulting NPs are characterized using a range of spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. Studies have reported average particle sizes ranging from 10 to 40 nm, exhibiting consistent morphology, notable stability, and excellent biocompatibility. These green-synthesized NPs have demonstrated significant antioxi-dant activity, broad-spectrum antimicrobial effects, as well as anti-inflammatory and anticancer prop-erties. This review highlights the promising biomedical applications of S. striata-derived silver NPs and underscores their potential role in advancing future therapeutic research and clinical translation. Their potential role in advancing future therapeutic research and clinical translation.