An Integrated FAHP–IF-COPRAS Approach for Evaluating Airport Sustainability Performance in Türkiye

This study proposes a multi-dimensional, fuzzy logic-based decision-making framework to assess airport sustainability performance under uncertainty, addressing a notable gap in the literature. The proposed model integrates the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) to determine the weights of sustainability criteria and the Intuitionistic Fuzzy COPRAS (IF-COPRAS) method to evaluate airport alternatives. The assessment considers four main sustainability dimensions: environmental, economic, social, and technical/institutional. A case study involving five major airports in Türkiye reveals that environmental and economic indicators play a pivotal role in shaping sustainability performance. While Istanbul Airport (IST) demonstrated the highest performance across all scenarios, a comparison with Airport Carbon Accreditation (ACA) levels indicates that carbon-focused certification alone is insufficient to reflect the full spectrum of sustainability outcomes. This research presents a novel and robust evaluation framework, contributing to the limited body of fuzzy logic-based MCDM applications for airport sustainability in the Turkish context. The findings offer actionable strategic insights for policymakers and airport managers regarding investment prioritization, operational strategy reinforcement, and the alignment of airport development with long-term sustainability goals. The results are validated through rigorous sensitivity analyses, confirming the robustness of the model despite the focused expert panel.