Influence of 5A-Based Self-Regulated Nursing Intervention on Self-Care Capability and Well-Being Among PCI Recipients with Coronary Heart Disease

Huili Wang,1,* Wenjuan Wang,1,* Lihong Zhang2 1Department of Nursing, The Eighth People’s Hospital of Jinan, Jinan, 271126, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Eighth People’s Hospital of Jinan, Jinan, 271126, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Huili Wang, Email [email protected]: This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a 5A-based self-management nursing intervention in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), focusing on its impact on self-care ability and quality of life.Methods: This retrospective study included CHD patients who underwent PCI at our hospital between September and December 2023. Based on nursing records, patients who received routine care were assigned to the control group, while those who additionally received a 5A-based self-management nursing intervention formed the intervention group. Eligible patients were identified according to predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Clinical indicators and patient-reported outcomes were compared between the two groups before and after the intervention.Results: Baseline characteristics showed no significant differences between groups (P> 0.05). After the intervention period, the intervention group demonstrated significantly higher left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), lower serum N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) levels, and longer distances in the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) compared with the control group (P< 0.05). Treatment adherence was also higher in the intervention group (P< 0.05). At 1, 3, and 6 months, patients in the intervention group achieved significantly better scores on the Coronary Heart Disease Self-Management Scale (CSMS), General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES), Barthel Index (BI), and Chinese Cardiovascular Quality of Life Questionnaire (CQQC) (P< 0.05).Conclusion: The 5A-based self-management nursing intervention appears effective for CHD patients after PCI, improving cardiac function, exercise capacity, self-management behaviors, and overall quality of life. These findings support its potential for broader clinical application.Keywords: coronary heart disease, PCI, 5A, self-management nursing, effect, self-management, quality of life