Factors associated with restenosis after carotid artery stenting differ between closed-cell and open-cell stents

Although initial analysis indicated no statistically significant ISR differences between CCS and OCS groups, multivariate regression analyses highlighted distinct independent risk factors for ISR based on stent type. Specifically, symptomatic atherosclerotic stenosis emerged as a significant risk factor in CCS-treated patients, while residual stenosis severity and diabetes mellitus were principal risk factors in the OCS-treated group.