Anti-inflammatory Effects of Loquat Leaf Extract (LLE) on TNF-α/IFN-γ–Induced Inflammatory Responses in HaCaT Keratinocytes: Suppression of Th2-Related Chemokines and PzD 8ro-Inflammatory Mediators

This study assessed the anti-inflammatory effects of Loquat Leaf Extract (LLE) on TNF-α/IFN-γ–stimulated HaCaT keratinocytes. LLE demonstrated normal cell viability up to 60 μg/mL, indicating that its inhibitory effects were not due to cytotoxicity. Notably, LLE significantly suppressed the expression of Th2-type chemokines CCL17 and CCL22 at both the protein and mRNA levels. Among various solvent extracts, the 70% ethanol extract showed the strongest inhibitory effect, likely due to its effective extraction of bioactive triterpenoids and flavonoids. Furthermore, LLE reduced the mRNA expression of iNOS and IL-6, suggesting its potential to attenuate inflammatory responses beyond Th2-type chemokine regulation. Overall, these findings indicate that LLE exerts potent, multi-targeted anti-inflammatory effects by suppressing key cytokines and chemokines in TNF-α/IFN-γ–induced HaCaT cells. The 70% ethanol extract of Eriobotrya japonica leaves may be a promising natural agent for preventing or alleviating inflammatory skin disorders, such as atopic dermatitis.