THE RUSSIA-UKRAINE WAR AND GAZA CRISIS: REFUGEES AND THE ROLE OF KEY ACTORS

This article examines the humanitarian consequences of the Russia–Ukraine war and the Gaza crisis, focusing on refugee displacement and the role of key international and regional actors. It analyses the responses of states, non-state actors, and international organizations to refugee flows, humanitarian emergencies, and protection challenges arising from these conflicts. The study highlights structural gaps in international refugee governance, political constraints on humanitarian assistance, and regional disparities in refugee treatment. Through a comparative approach, the article contributes to debates on global responsibility-sharing and the evolving dynamics of humanitarian response in contemporary conflict settings.