Status of Solar Power Plant Sites Including First Grade Zones on Ecological and Natural Maps in South Korea

This study collected and analyzed data registered in the Environmental Impact Assessment Information Support System for 1,321 solar power projects, whose environmental impact assessments and small-scale environmental impact assessments were completed in 2017, prior to the enactment of the 「Guidelines for Environmental Assessment Consultation for Land-Based Solar Power Generation Projects」 of Ministry of Environment, Republic of Korea. The spatial data obtained were subjected to analysis using QGIS to assess locational characteristics at the city/province and city/county/district levels, including the identification of sites located within first grade zone on ecological and natural maps. The analysis revealed that, of the projects consulted in 2017, one necessitated a comprehensive environmental impact assessment, whereas 1,320 required a small-scale environmental impact assessment. Jeollanam represented the largest proportion, accounting for 427 projects (32%). The cumulative development area was 32,728,225 m<sup>2</sup>, with Jeollanam, Gyeongsangbuk, and Jeollabuk possessing the largest land areas, respectively. A total of 15 projects (1.1%) were situated within first grade zone on ecological and natural maps, encompassing a total verifiable area of 62,344 m<sup>2</sup> (0.19%). The reasons for designation included vegetation in 12 cases and fauna in three cases. This study is noteworthy for providing data on the initial site selection process for land-based solar power projects in Korea, and for empirically analyzing the overlap with ecologically sensitive areas. The findings are anticipated to serve as foundational data for the formulation of guidelines that integrate environmental considerations into future solar power site selection processes and to contribute to the enhancement of related systems.