Emergent Interior Dynamics of Jupiter Under Physically Admissible, Non-Equilibrium Conditions

We present a falsification-driven numerical investigation of Jupiter’s deep interior conducted under physically admissible, explicitly non-equilibrium conditions, without imposing predefined assumptions regarding core geometry, zonal flow penetration depth, magnetic field configuration, or equilibrium state. The central aim of the study is to test whether known physical principles—acting through coupled fluid, electromagnetic, and gravitational interactions—are sufficient to generate Jupiter-like interior behavior in the absence of fine-tuning, post-selection, or observational fitting. Rather than constructing an interior model designed to reproduce observations, the simulation framework was deliberately structured to allow representational freedom and structural emergence. The system was permitted to evolve dynamically across atmospheric, molecular hydrogen, metallic hydrogen, and core-interface regimes, with interactions enabled across gravitational, electromagnetic, and fluid-dynamical channels. Physical admissibility was maintained through conservation laws and causal consistency, while equilibrium targets, prescribed layering, and fixed geometries were explicitly excluded. Across the simulation ensemble, the system consistently reorganized into stable interior regimes. These regimes were characterized by coherent deep flow structures, persistent differential rotation, self-organized magnetic field multipoles, and bounded gravitational mass redistribution. Importantly, these behaviors arose dynamically under non-equilibrium evolution rather than being imposed through parameter selection or structural constraints. The resulting interior behavior remained compatible with current observational constraints on Jupiter’s gravity harmonics, asymmetric magnetic field structure, and inferred deep zonal flows, despite the absence of explicit observational calibration. The emergence of stable, Jupiter-like interior behavior under these conditions suggests that the planet’s observed complexity may not require rigid internal architecture, sharply defined cores, or narrowly constrained flow depths. Instead, the results support the interpretation that Jupiter’s interior properties can arise as emergent outcomes of coupled dynamical processes operating within a physically admissible regime. In this view, present uncertainties in Jupiter’s internal structure reflect underdetermination by available observations rather than fundamental physical inconsistency or missing physics. By demonstrating that key features of Jupiter’s interior can arise without imposed structural assumptions, this work motivates a broader exploration of unconstrained, falsification-driven approaches to planetary interior modeling. Such approaches complement observationally calibrated models by clarifying which aspects of planetary structure are emergent consequences of known physics and which genuinely require additional constraints or data.