Circular supply chain with product-service systems: a case of recycled products

Circular supply chain management has encountered a critical challenge in promoting recycled products to the market and maintaining product competitiveness. Integrating the product-service system in the circular supply chain is expected to deliver better business performance. This study explores the supply chain mechanism based on a product-service system of recycled products. The qualitative technique has been deployed to collect data on the key personnel involved product-service system in the circular supply chain. Thirteen key informants are participated and interviewed separately. The data have been analysed, and results show that the marketability of recycled products, digital platform, customer services, supplier readiness and product return flow is the critical success of the product-service system in a circular supply chain. In addition, the manufacturing supply chain must pay attention to the network distribution, risk management and mitigation strategy.