‘Democratizing AI in transportation through international Collaboration: A case study of Open-Source mobility platforms in the Global South

• Open-source mobility platforms enhance AI equity in the Global South. • International collaboration enables participatory AI transportation innovation. • Regulatory gaps and infrastructure deficits hinder AI democratization. • North-South and South-South knowledge exchange boosts local AI capacity. • Unified AI standard must embed ethics, context, and interoperability. The Democratising of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in transportation hinges on equitable access to data, tools, and knowledge across nations. This article investigates the potential of international collaboration to foster inclusive AI-driven transportation system, focusing on open-source mobility platforms developed through North-South and South- South partnerships. Drawing on a comparative case study of two initiatives one led by a consortium of European and African research institutions, and another involved Latin American city supported by Asian technology partners, this paper explores how cross-border cooperation has enabled capacity building, technology transfer, and local adaptation of AI tools for public transportation optimization and traffic management. By examining stakeholder motivations, governance structure, funding mechanisms, and data-sharing protocols, the paper uncovers key enabling factors for success, including shared ethical frameworks, mutual learning, and decentralised innovation models. However, it also critically assesses barriers such as digital infrastructure gaps, policy misalignments, and power asymmetries in data control and algorithm design. The findings demonstrate that when properly structured, international collaboration can advance the democratization of AI by enhancing transparency, fostering local agency, and ensuring culturally sensitive applications. The paper concludes with policy recommendations for strengthening equitable AI partnership in transportation, emphasizing the role of multilateral institutions, open standards, and co-creation methodologies. It offers insights not only for transportation stakeholders but also foe broader discussions on global AI governance, providing a replicable model for inclusive innovation in other sectors. The implications are particularly relevant as countries navigate the complex intersections of digital sovereignty, sustainability, and mobility justice in the age of AI.