A Bimolecular Co‐Anchoring Strategy for Constructing Hydrogen Networks to Stabilize Perovskite Solar Cells

ABSTRACT Recent advances in formamidinium lead triiodide (FAPbI 3 ) solar cells have significantly improved their photoelectric conversion efficiency, positioning them as a leading candidate in third‐generation photovoltaics. However, their thermodynamic metastability—driven by phase transitions from photoactive α‐FAPbI 3 to inactive δ‐FAPbI 3 —causes efficiency decay, hindering long‐term stability and industrialization. This study introduces a bimolecular synergistic anchoring strategy to address these challenges: a multiscale molecular interlocking network is constructed using 4‐[3‐(trifluoromethyl)‐3H‐diazirin‐3‐yl]benzoic acid (HDA) and 2‐benzamidinyl‐5‐guanidinopentanoic acid (GS). HDA stabilizes formamidinium iodide (FAI) via carbene reactions, suppressing FA⁺ thermal escape, while GS binds under‐coordinated Pb 2 ⁺ through its high dipole moment, minimizing lead leakage. Leveraging structural homology, these dual passivators synergistically stabilize A‐site (FA⁺) and B‐site (Pb 2 ⁺) ions, forming a hydrogen‐bond network that optimizes crystal growth and enhances α‐FAPbI 3 phase stability and photothermal resilience. Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) optimized with HDA‐GS achieve a record power conversion efficiency of 26.07%, along with exceptional operational stability: unencapsulated devices retain 95% of initial efficiency after 1300 h at 85°C under nitrogen (thermal stability) and 91% after 1500 h of continuous light exposure (light stability). This work demonstrates that a multi‐scale molecular interlocking network effectively overcomes perovskite inherent instability, offering a scalable pathway to high‐performance, durable PSCs.

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Publication Details

Journal
Advanced Energy Materials
Published
2026-01-05
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202504844
Citations
2
Primary Topic
Perovskite Materials and Applications
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
43.86
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article

A Bimolecular Co‐Anchoring Strategy for Constructing Hydrogen Networks to Stabilize Perovskite Solar Cells

Lu Zhang, Yiran Tao, K. Q. Li, Ying Wang et al.
2 citations
Advanced Energy Materials
Perovskite Materials and Applications
43.86
article

A Bimolecular Co‐Anchoring Strategy for Constructing Hydrogen Networks to Stabilize Perovskite Solar Cells

Lu Zhang, Yiran Tao, K. Q. Li, Ying Wang, Yunfan Wang, Alex K. Y. Jen, Hao‐Chung Kuo, Xinhui Lu, Jiaxue You, Shengzhong Frank Liu, SaiWing Tsang
article en
2 citations

Abstract

ABSTRACT Recent advances in formamidinium lead triiodide (FAPbI 3 ) solar cells have significantly improved their photoelectric conversion efficiency, positioning them as a leading candidate in third‐generation photovoltaics. However, their thermodynamic metastability—driven by phase transitions from photoactive α‐FAPbI 3 to inactive δ‐FAPbI 3 —causes efficiency decay, hindering long‐term stability and industrialization. This study introduces a bimolecular synergistic anchoring strategy to address these challenges: a multiscale molecular interlocking network is constructed using 4‐[3‐(trifluoromethyl)‐3H‐diazirin‐3‐yl]benzoic acid (HDA) and 2‐benzamidinyl‐5‐guanidinopentanoic acid (GS). HDA stabilizes formamidinium iodide (FAI) via carbene reactions, suppressing FA⁺ thermal escape, while GS binds under‐coordinated Pb 2 ⁺ through its high dipole moment, minimizing lead leakage. Leveraging structural homology, these dual passivators synergistically stabilize A‐site (FA⁺) and B‐site (Pb 2 ⁺) ions, forming a hydrogen‐bond network that optimizes crystal growth and enhances α‐FAPbI 3 phase stability and photothermal resilience. Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) optimized with HDA‐GS achieve a record power conversion efficiency of 26.07%, along with exceptional operational stability: unencapsulated devices retain 95% of initial efficiency after 1300 h at 85°C under nitrogen (thermal stability) and 91% after 1500 h of continuous light exposure (light stability). This work demonstrates that a multi‐scale molecular interlocking network effectively overcomes perovskite inherent instability, offering a scalable pathway to high‐performance, durable PSCs.

Advanced Energy MaterialsVol. 16(10)
City University of Hong Kong (HK), Chinese University of Hong Kong (HK), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (CN), Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (China) (CN), San’an Optoelectronics (China) (CN), Ministry of Education (TW), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN), Shaanxi Normal University (CN)
Industry, innovation and infrastructure
Openalex Percentile: Top 0%
Perovskite Materials and Applications
43.86
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