Engineering bimetallic nanozyme structures for enhanced catalytic activity and multifunctional applications

Abstract Bimetallic nanozymes have emerged as a promising class of nanomaterials due to their superior catalytic performance and wide application potential. This review provides an overview of the latest advancements in the structural design, catalytic mechanisms, and applications of bimetallic nanozymes in biomedicine and environmental science. These nanozymes adopt diverse architectures, such as core–shell, nanoclusters, and metal–organic frameworks, to systematically enhance catalytic efficiency. However, challenges such as improving catalytic activity, scalability, and ensuring biosafety still need to be addressed. Future research will focus on developing new bimetallic combinations and optimizing synthesis methods to further expand their applications in multiple fields.